5 Star Doctor Essay Example for Free

5 Star dilute EssayFirst a wakeless debase should be knowledgeable and should always keep abreast of development in her field of expertise. She should be a skillful diagnostician. A good bushel should neither under prescribe or over prescribe medication to her uncomplaining as to make her own profit. Second, a good doctor should has higher(prenominal) Emotional Quotient or EQ. Thats mean to be a doctor who had warmer psycheality, be a better listener and communicator beside emphathetic in communication patterns to restore a level of calm and confidence to the patient and make them feel that the doctor is for them. Third, a good doctor should also be a good philosopher. This federal agency that, the doctor should treat the patients in a holistic way. The holistic way of treating patient is by treat the patient as a whole person instead just physical symptoms which is to counsel the patient on their diet, excersice and stress management instead of just give the patient the ir medicine. Fourth, a good doctor should able to be a person who is clear and logical in thinking, work with sincere heart, have skilled with hands for the surgery and easy to secure in case of emergency.The doctor would be humble and confident enough to collaborate with other doctors or senior doctors in medical community to tractor trailer an illness which she is not uncertain about, in order to offer the best practices in management and treatment to the patients. Fifth, a good doctor should need the five dollar bill Star doctor qualities. Which are, improves the quality of care by responding to the patients total health needs with integrated preventive, curative and rehabilitatve services while considering the patients as an integral authority of a family and community.Next is to make optimal use of new but cost- effective technologies, bearing in mind ethical and finacial consideratons and the ultimate benefits as puff up as costs to the patient and society. The doctor al so promotes healthy life styles by effectively communicating with item-by-items and groups and empowering their own health protection and well- being. The pentad-Star Doctor should reconciles individual and community health requirements, stiking a balance between patients expectations and those society at large.Beside that, the doctor is able to work and fuction efficiently and effectively in teams, both inside and across the health sector and other socio- economic sectors influencing health. Another qualities a good doctor should has are sincere, dedicated, and courteous. He is able to complement his medical knowledge and clinical judgement with humanistic qualities of integrity, obligingness and compassion asn sees the patients as fellow human beings and not as a case with an illness.A Five- Star Doctor is one who not only demonstrate professional competence but also one who manifest personal qualities of patient, maturity and confident beside listen tentively to the patient to the patients complains and try to answer on the whole their questions to the best of his knowledge. Sensitive to patient special needs, particularly their emotional needs and general well being. Avoids robotic prescription and drugs but rather, booster the patients by identify the underlying couses of their promblems.Last but not least, a good doctor will treasure the relationship with the patients based upon mutual respect and open communication. The conclusions are as a medical doctor I need the learning skills and clinical skills to be a good and a Five Star doctor. Beside that, I also need to have high EQ or emotional qualities to gain the trust from my patients and colleagues. This is important because without them who am I? Thats all from me thank you.

Importance of English Essay Example for Free

Importance of slope EssayBy using language soul could make statements, convey facts and knowledge, explain or report something, and keep social relations among the language users. These indicate that by means of language, people can behave their ideas, feeling, information etc through communication. Ladies and Gentlemen, As one of language in the world, English is considered and applied as international language. Since then, it is very popular and have been spoken and learnt by almost people in the world. There ar some reasons why English is important and many people attempt to learn it. Some of them are for finding job, traveling, interacting one each other, doing business, taking examination, doing research, writing in the foreign language, etc. Ladies and Gentlemen, In such developing country like Indonesia, English has a vital role in all aspects of vitality, particularly in science and technology. Furthermore, it can be used for developing relationships in the internati onal forum, for reading English book (especially for students from primary shoal up to colleges/university), to tighten the relationship among nations in the world, etc.As students, we learn English are intended to obtain sundry(a) knowledge, to comprehend and understand the textbooks learned in English, to gain knowledge and skills, and to be ready enter to the university, as one of the test requirements for students of senior High drill (SMA), etc. Looking at the above important roles of English, that is why English is very important to understand and to master by every people throughout the world since before. My brothers and sisters At the end of my speech, I will quote a wise expressionThis expression reminds us how importance of English for human life is. As global or universal language, English is non only enables us to communicate and interact with every people throughout the world, but in any case it could alter our life to be better. Furthermore, we also must be aware that the western countries play extra ordinary role in developing and retentivity science and technology. Thus, if we want to be a skilful scientists, linguists, and be able to compete with the other countries in the world, we must understand, master and learn the language they use, namely English.Ladies and Gentlemen, Before ending this speech, let me conclude the essential points of my speech 1. English is highly necessary to be learned and mastered by everyone, in ordinance to be able to compete in the globalization era 2. English is a key to open and master science and technology, because most of scientists write their experts and inventions in English. 3. As students of high school (SMA), we have to prepare ourselves by learning hard, particularly English as well as the other subjects at school 4.By mastering English enables us to become survive and go anywhere throughout the world Goethe (a Greek philosopher) has ever said Knowing is not enough, we must apply. Willing is no t enough, we must do Remember Language indicates Nation. And Dont Forget English is a bridge for the future Ladies and Gentlemen, I think its completely enough for me to this point. The wrong utterances are caused by limitation of my ability and the right one is merely from Allah SWT. So, I beg your pardon, at last I say.

Sex education Essay Example for Free

Sex preparation Es opine1. Sex education layabout help to prevent many atrocities. dispose babies.Abortion.Malnutrition and starvation.2. Teenagers lead become more careful of their own body.Anatomy lessons (included in end up education) will make teens aware(predicate) of potential hazards. STDs. Prevent a come-at-able infertility.3. Some parents think sex education should be taught at home, in family.Teachers take a special course on how to teach their students properly. Some teenager might be scared to talk to their parents about sex. Conclusion The opposition we find is mostly based in misconceptions, and instead of force them to accept sex education, we should focalisation on refute their misbeliefs by showing them the correct information. For many years, sex education has been iodine of the most controversial issues in education, but since the truth was passed, the opposition has drastically decreased along the country. Even so, from time to time I hear astonishin g anecdotes of parents who send their children to a private school to parry sex education. Personally, I think that its perilous to let them resolve things on their own, because in the future, their children will suffer the consequences of lacking of these vital lessons. I potently believe that -because of the astounding benefits Ill expose below- sex education should be taught in every school. The first, and probably the most important advantage of sex education, is that it can prevent many atrocities. This can sound pretentious to someone, but allow me to explain why it is not anexaggeration. In the last years, the number of girls who die in clandestine abortion centers in growing alarmingly. Ignorance and despair are a deadly combination that can lead to tragedy.Many (if not all) of these deaths can be prevented by sex education, since all the healthy ways to avoid an undesired pregnancy are taught in class (and even some schools give condoms for relax in case the student doe snt have money). But thats not the only example What if its too late to prevent the unwanted pregnancy? When a baby is abandoned, its the most obvious assumption to think that it was because the mother wasnt able to raise it, or because she simply didnt know what to do. Well, sex education in addition teaches what to do and who can help in case of it. Sadly, some babies die before they are found, and this can be avoided by a mother who knows that there are specialized institutions where she can leave her baby safe. In other words, sex education forestalls death. Secondly, sex education not only forestalls death, but it also protects life. It has anatomy lessons, which leads me to the next point Teenagers will become more careful of their own body.You will think one thing has nothing to do with other, but as it was stated before, education gives the opportunity of decision. For example, a teenager who is fully conscious of his own body will be more careful with it than someone who i s not aware of the potential hazards of sexually transmitted diseases. But thats not all, sex education also prevents a future infertility, since the anatomy lessons remark that the unhealthy habits (like smoking, or drinking alcohol) have dreadful consequences for the body. Finally, Ill try to vanish one of the biggest fears of some of these parents what teachers would say to their children. Most of these adults think it should be taught at home, in family, but Ill insist that its better for a student to learn at school. wherefore? Well, when the law was passed, teachers had to take special courses on how to teach their students properly.Some parents are sure they know everything, but they are wrong. On the other hand, their children might be fearful of asking for advice to someone of their own family, and might prefer to expose their doubts and feelings with a teacher. Taking to consideration all of the points exposed above, I trust the minuscular opposition we find in parents c an cease, since as I said before, is mostly based in misconceptions. So instead of force them to accept it, we should focus on refute their misbeliefs by showing them how sex education is taught by anspecialist that took a course on how to help to prevent atrocities, and make teenagers aware and careful of the their own body.

Influence of Globalisation on Culture

Influence of globalization on acculturationDavid StephensTo what terminus is globalization an enhancer of finish?Culture is a way of life unique to a certain set of people polishs are usually national al matchless eject also be present in local communities and on an international scale. Often the term socialisation is misunderstood. To some it may mean traditions that take a leak been passed d accept through generations but to others it can represent simpler things such(prenominal) as the area they live in or even the language they speak. Culture in itself is not easily define beca subprogram of its ever fluctuating nature. No dickens cultures are identical but some are more(prenominal) similar than others. Globalisation is a term employ to decide the many ways in which people and places are becoming ever more closely associate1. Globalisation has had a massive effect on culture two historically and in upstart times. New cultures deep in the heart of India and con spiracy America are cosmos contacted, opening up a huge range of potential investigations. While on a less dramatic scale the trading world between different cultures has force hugely important and is aided greatly by how easy it has become to trade on a global scale now thanks to leaps ahead in technology, transport and communication (see table 1). Trade is often interpreted as the exchange of goods but it can also facilitate the interconnections between cultures. This is plainly present in how many American companies substantiate moved workers into the Far East to places such as India or Vietnam.What has increased GlobalisationHow has it affected GlobalisationTechnologyTechnology is often linked to the advances in medical technology shared between countries. Nowadays we have world leading physicians from all corners of the populace collaborating on projects to aid medical treatments. This allows exchange of local culture and ideas for the benefit of the majority.TransportWe have been blessed with larger transports, cheaper air travel, high speed trains and more airports. This has come to the forefront of modern day lives with more and more families travelling overseas to immerse themselves in other cultures. For example in Spain, which is a prevalent holiday resort has been bombarded by Brits abroad. Places such as Menorca and even cultural hubs such Barcelona which I have visited recently has evidence of property nation culture such as Irish disallow and traditional English Fish and Chip shops. Is this eroding or extending culture I guess it depends upon your eyeshot communicationCommunication usually in the form of mobile phones and internet gives us such easy feeler to communicate with people anywhere on earth. This has amend sales as products can be ordered and delivered around the globe which ties in with the transport aspect of global perspectives. Locally, businesses can expand and distribute products beyond the locality, which is good for both the consumer and the business itself.Though I have been talking about how globalisation has affected our ability to communicate with other cultures in recent times, it has been around for a long, long time. When Christopher Columbus set sail in search of Asia2 and discovered the West Indies and made the civilised world aware of the Americas, he participated in the globalisation of the cultures of the indigenous people on the islands as he made the world aware of their existence for the first time in their history. This was on the face of it a huge leap forward for globalisation as it set off a chain of events that would eventually end in America being one of the biggest economies for trade and outperform educational facilitating countries in the entire world.Culture and globalisation are two very contrasting ideas. A culture modern to the idea of globalisation may be worried about whether its way of life testament stay sacred and individual to them if the rest of the wo rld has access to it.3 This is a very legitimate fear and can very easily be construed as an invasion of privacy. Although when looked at from a more international perspective you can see that you can learn from other cultures. Very similarly to the increment of language, a way of life can be studied and can often add to your own culture as many medieval countries did to provide the languages we speak in the present day.The main cause of globalisation is the occidental world attempting to spread their culture into different corners of the earth. A great example of this is the coffee chain Starbucks. Starbucks was founded in 1971, gaining mainstream winner around 1991. Since then it has had exponential success with over 20,000 shops worldwide.4 It is now a firm stalwart of the American Culture. Though Starbucks itself has not always been part of the culture we know today there have always been coffee houses in popular culture although they were initially confined to the USA. Starbu cks has introduced a whole new coffee-house concept by becoming a multi-national company. primarily just an American chain it has spread rapidly, becoming popular in Britain and is becoming a growing phenomenon in South America.5 This may be both a problem and an advantage for these countries, for example Peru is one of the South American countries being affected by the so called Westernisation. It has a 9% unemployment figure (almost one meg eligible people out of a job).6 The opening of new American and British chain stores will provide much needed jobs that will boost their economy as well as providing a stable income for them and their people. On the other hand much small business owners would be ousted by the competitive pricing from these big profit organisations setting up franchises in some Peruvian cities. Traditionally Peru has been famous for incorporating many small businesses into urban areas and Starbucks would be potentially devastating for some of these places. Per u is a nation with many young dependents, indeed 29.1% of the population aged between 0-14 years7. This may mean that more jobs useable in a stable working environment may not be so bad for the young work force in South America. When more young people are in employment more money is pumped into the economy, which enables the state to safeguard and preserve its own culture such as traditional shops and the upkeep of nationally important monuments.But is globalisation inevitable and perhaps instead of safeguarding our cultures we should accept it and take whatever positives it may bring. 8This quote from Kofi Annan outlines the view that however hard you fight it, globalisation will always present itself to you using the analogy of gravity. Perhaps this can be linked to the fight that several rural cultures in India and South America are having to avoid any contact with civilization9. It may show that perhaps instead of cachexia energy fighting a losing battle they should embrace the change. We can help them understand useful medical techniques and educational strategies while they may help us understand their culture and learn their own unique ways of dealing with things such as medical emergencies.On a national scale (UK) and at a more local perspective it is clear that there is an ever larger influence of Polish born immigrants affecting my local area. This is shown to great extent by this graph10This shows how the population of Polish born immigrants living in the UK has swelled massively from under 100,000 in 2001 to over half a million in 2010. This has been analysed in part by a report by Ian Duncan Smith in a report (February 2013). It shows some surprising results. It states that immigrants from other nations such as Romania and Bulgaria will have nines times more money in England on a minimum wage of 543 to take home to an average family of two children every week compared with 62 back home. Of course living costs will be a lot less in some of these e asterly atomic number 63an countries compared with Britain. It is also said in the report that these immigrants from Eastern Europe will have twice the economic incentives of the Polish immigrants.11 This is quite a intimidate figure as we can see how much success Polish immigrants are having in the UK, this may encourage more and more workers from Eastern Europe to find a better life here.The reason I find this daunting is because of the population figure that has been forecast. It suggests that up to 250,000 Romanian and Russian immigrants could move to the country in the next 5 years.10 While it is also forecast that the population of Britain could grow by more than 10 million in the next 25 years.12 With resources and services stretched to breaking point as it is another 10 million extra people in the country may not be best for our future. Of course, globalistation results in positive diversity in local commmunities but may cause services to be stretched, resulting in potentia l animosity between actual residents and new arrivals.To understand a broader picture of the affect of globalistaion on culture we have to look at a national scale example. The country in my opinion that has been changed most dramastically by globalistaion in recent years must be The United Arab Emirates.13 This is a stark contrast from 23 years ago to 5 years ago. After being established in the 18th century as a small fishing village it began to expand after(prenominal) the discovery of oil in the area.14 Globalisation put UAE firmly on the map, moreso given the importance of oil to almost all developed nations. But what do people think about this? A young man studying in Canada that was born and brought up in the UAE has noticed that social values that shrink from a huge part of modern society in the west are nothing like those in the UAE.15 This is surprising as the globalistaion shown in the UAE is intemperately influenced by the west so one would expect the social values su ch as letting someone with right of way pass in the street would also be passed into UAE culture so obviously globalisation has not affected every aspect of life in Dubai and the UAE.Table 2 below considers the future what if scenarios of globalisationTable 2Globalisationdefeats nationalismBut what would happen if globalisation sped up and defeated nationalism to provide us with a completely globalised society? Could we live like that or is nationalism too important to our society? Well according to Gary Abate of TED discussions it is not geographic borders that are the problem, but the borders within ourselves, this though very philosophical is no answer to the question posed. Perhaps he is trying to imply that if there was just one country and culture there would still be divides and it isnt necessarily nationalism to their country but nationalism to culture and if globalisation took over and we lived completely globalised we would still want to have our own culture. Although per haps another interpretation of a globalised community is not a community with one culture but many more than a single global entity. This would be completely different in the way that each community would fight to oblige their culture and that may cause many disagreements.Globalistaion loses significationumWhat would happen if globalisation was to cease or at least disoriented the momentum it is carrying at the moment? Well some may agree that to stop globalisation is a near im practicable task and if it was to happen it would mean larger powers such as the USA would lose both a lot of business but also a lot of workers, this is because many of the workers that many large US companies use are situated in less wealthy companies which means they can work for a fraction of the price that a US worker may demand. On the more positive side it would make countries invest just into their own economies and help the less fortunate of their own culture by providing more jobs internally to the country. While also a focus may have to be put on technology to do the jobs in factories that may differently be outsourced to a different country so hopefully technology would take further leaps forward in terms of development.Globalisation gathers momentumanother(prenominal) major scenario that would change the dynamic of culture is if globalistaion gathered greater momentum. This may cause countries to forget their own cultural identity as they spread further and faster across the globe. A quite major example of this is the football club Cardiff City. In 2012 owner Vincent Tan decided to change the colour of the clubs home shirt from blue to red. The club had played in a blue kit for 104 years prior to the change, this angered many fans as it was seen as a marketing ploy to appeal to fans in Malaysia (Tans home nation). This shows an example of an individual showing the view that to globalise as much as possible is more important than serving the preservation of culture.But can our cultures be preserved, should they be? In a world of ever growing globalisation we have to find more and more ways to preserve our culture. Obviously there are aspects of ever culture that should be preserved, for example the way in the UK they reckon the fallen heroes of war every November 11th and in the USA on the anniversary of one of their greatest national tragedies 9/11 they remember and honour. On a lighter note festivals such as Chinas New Years celebrations are a thing definitely deserving preserving. But should all cultures be preserved? Should uncontacted tribes still stay away from civilistaion or should they step into the new world? New advances in the world may aid them greatly but also may be too intimidating and would be incredibly derogatory to their development. Globalisation may harm the development of some un-touched civilisations by introducing them to the new danger of world affairs and in some cases ignoring the on-rushing tide of globalisation and leaving these civilisations and other countries in the world to their own devices is sometimes a larger step towards preserving culture than presenting it all over the globe could ever be. If your culture such as Irelands famous bars are now scattered all over the globe can they be construed as your culture any longer or have you lost that national identity to globalisation? My final thought is this though globalistion can help with exploring the great depth and wonder of the world, being conservative in where you ship your culture to is the greatest tool of preservation.BIBLIOGRAPHY Edexcel AS Geography standard page 88 , Publisher Phillip Allan Updates in the year 2008, A collective works by Sue Warn, Cameron Dunn, David Holmes, Bob Hordern, Simon Oakes and Michael Witherick. http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_ColumbusQuest_for_Asia http//www.buzzle.com/articles/culture-and-globalization.htmlhttp//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starbucks http//www.stateofnature.org/?p=6292 http //www.limaeasy.com/peru-info/important-facts-and-figures-about-peru http//arts.brighton.ac.uk/study/humanities/globalisation http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncontacted_peopleshttp//www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/august-2011/polish-people-in-the-uk.html http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/9877851/Bulgarian-and-Romanian-workers-nine-times-better-off-in-UK.html http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10429901/Migrants-add-5.8m-to-bulging-Britain.htmlhttps//p1.dntrck.com/tr?id=c3d70bba1eace8af05025b74ea8901ccae4a0fb1.r http//www.colorcoat-online.com/blog/index.php/2011/08/same-place-different-years/ http//www.7daysindubai.com/People-Dubai-disappointment/story-19775407-detail/story.html http//www.ted.com/conversations/7931/can_we_abolish_nationalism_and.html1981 words excluding tables, headings and subtitles1 Edexcel AS Geography Textbook page 88 , Publisher Phillip Allan Updates in the year 2008, A collective wo rks by Sue Warn, Cameron Dunn, David Holmes, Bob Hordern, Simon Oakes and Michael Witherick.2 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_ColumbusQuest_for_Asia3 http//www.buzzle.com/articles/culture-and-globalization.html4 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starbucks5 http//www.stateofnature.org/?p=62926 http//www.limaeasy.com/peru-info/important-facts-and-figures-about-peru7 http//data.un.org/CountryProfile.aspx?crName=PERU8 http//arts.brighton.ac.uk/study/humanities/globalisation9 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncontacted_peoples10 http//www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/migration1/migration-statistics-quarterly-report/august-2011/polish-people-in-the-uk.html11 http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/9877851/Bulgarian-and-Romanian-workers-nine-times-better-off-in-UK.html12 http//www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/immigration/10429901/Migrants-add-5.8m-to-bulging-Britain.html13 https//p1.dntrck.com/tr?id=c3d70bba1eace8af05025b74ea8901ccae4a0fb1.r14 http//www.colorcoat-online.com/blog/index.php/201 1/08/same-place-different-years/15 http//www.7daysindubai.com/People-Dubai-disappointment/story-19775407-detail/story.html

The impact of professional nursing education in quality of care

The impact of professional person treat pedagogics in quality of sustentationINTRODUCTIONIn the most basic sense, the current global nursing shortage is simply a widespread and dangerous lack of professional and skilled harbours who argon ask to parcel out for soulfulness patients and the cosmos as a whole. These conveys include nursemaid short- catering, inadequate resources for nursing research and education, the change magnitude complexity of wellness sympathize with and c atomic number 18 technology, and the rapidly aging populations in developed nations. Beca engage studies piddle shown that an inadequate quantity of professional nurses in clinical reachs has a fundamental negative impact on patient outcomes, including mortality, the nursing shortage is literally taking lives, and impairing the wellness and wellbeing of m all millions of the worlds people. It is a global public health crisis (ICN, 2004).There is a predicted shortage of qualified nursing staff in both low and high-income countries. The growing shortage of health c atomic number 18 take upers has become an international challenge (Sorgaard, 2010).The precedents believe that Saudi-Arabian-Arabian Arabia is not exempted to the current global nursing shortage due to lack of professional nurses. To guess the Saudi shortage in nurses, one has to understand the Saudi dependence on foreign nurses. Saudi education system has only foc utilize on high paid, prosperous, and prestigious jobs like doctors, engineers, and lawyers and left basic still complementary job as nursing way behind. This lack of attention to needful and complementary jobs, has led the Saudi education system in creating slight than 20 percent of the nursing staff working in Saudi today, which in return led into todays real shortage in qualified and commensurate Saudi nurses and to high rate of foreign nurses (Aldossary, 2008). piece of music the institute program in Saudi Arabia consists of nursing stud ies for three age and results in a diploma in nursing. The program prepares nurses to assume roles as technical nurses, considered by some to equate with that of a practical nurse in the coupled States (Tumulty, 2001).In the United States, there are registered nurses (RNs) or Professional Nurses and practical nurses (PNs) or LVN (Licensed Vocational Nurse) / LPN (Licensed Practical Nurse), CNA(Certified Nurse service) withal called vocational nurses (VNs), or Practical Nurses. While registered nurses are capable to perform certain duties or provide treatments that practical nurses cannot, such as administering blood, this is not what primarily sets them apart. The most notable difference is in the education they receive. As far as the scope of practice is concerned, each(prenominal) state has a separate nursing board which governs what nurses are legally able to do (Ellis Hartley, 2004). In the hospital setting, professional /registered nurses are often assigned a role to de legate tasks performed by LPNs and non-professional unlicensed assistive personnel such as nursing assistants (Ellis Hartley, 2004).Skilled nursing of a professional nurse is vital to the patient outcome (Gordon, 2005). But due to economic crisis and poverty, significant work must be done to withstand more professional nurses. Graduates, due to poverty and worldwide economic crisis prefer to have non-professional program to quickly fill work due to the short courses hold outed in non-professional programs. (Turale, 2010).Therefore, the causations believe that whether a nurse is a professional or practical, all nurses must remember as what has been give tongue to in nurses pledge by Florence Nightingale I solemnly pledge myself before God and in the presence of this assembly to pass my life in purity and to practice my profession faithfully. I will do all in my power to maintain and elevate the standard of my profession and will hold in confidence all personalized matters comm itted to my keeping and all family affairs coming to my knowledge in the practice of my calling (American Nurses Association, 2010).II. BACKGROUNDThe succeeding(a) different levels of Nursing Education gives us the background on the difference between a professional and vocational nursesNursing Assistants are defined by law as people who assist licensed nursing personnel in the provision of nursing interest. The authorized duties for CNA or Certified Nursing Assistant include assisting with their clients daily living activities, such as bathing, dressing, transferring, ambulating, feeding, and toileting. CNAs also perform tasks such as measuring vital signs, positioning and range of motion. Their duties are extra to tasks commissary by the registered or licensed practical nurse in acute- like field. Their tasks such as vital signs, , assessing patients well-being, administering hygienic bursting charge, assisting with feeding, giving basic psychosocial shell out, and similar du ties. Diploma stratum are hospital based educational programs that provide a rich clinical experience for nursing students. These programs are often associated with colleges or universities. Baccalaureate story programs located in senior colleges and universities and are generally four years in length. Masters programs provide specialized knowledge and skills that enable nurses to assume ripe roles in practice, education, administration, and research(NWJobs, 2010).The posit of Nursing Practice (DNP) is an ripe-level practice degree that focuses on the clinical aspects of nursing or else than academic research. The curriculum for the DNP degree generally includes advanced practice, leadership, and application of clinical research. The DNP is intended primarily to prepare registered nurses to become advanced practice nurses. Advanced practice roles in nursing include the nurse practician (NP), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), certified nurse midwife (CNM), and the clinical nurse specialist (CNS). Nurse anesthetist programs may use the title Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice (DNAP) for their terminal degree (Dracup, 2005).According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), transitioning advance practice nursing programs from the graduate level to the doctoral level is a response to changes in health care preservation and emerging health care needs, additive knowledge or content areas have been identified by practicing nurses. In addition, the knowledge required to provide leadership in the discipline of nursing is so complex and rapidly changing that additional or doctoral level education is needed (Dracup, 2005).At the moment only fewer Saudi nurses had bachelor of science, masters or doctoral degree, merely the government start to increase and expand. A lot of nursing continue lead degree will be graduated within few years to assume leadership position in the health field. The kingdom has a great need for well better S audi nurses (Tumulty, 2001).However, in recent years, headlands have been raised about whether nursing is a profession or an melody. This is eventful for nurses to consider for several reasons, starting from differentiating the terms profession and occupation, professional and vocational nurse. An occupation is a job or a career, whereas a profession is a learned occupation that has a status of superiority and precedence within a division of work. In general terms, occupations require widely spaying levels of training or education, varying levels of skill, and widely variable defined knowledge bases. Indeed, all professions are occupations, but not all occupation is profession (McEwen ,2007).Therefore based on nursing as an occupation, a professional nurse is a healthcare professional who, in collaboration with other member of a healthcare team, is responsible for treatment, safety and recovery of acute or chronically ill individuals health promotion, and maintenance within fam ilies, communities and population and treatment of life-threatening emergencies in a wide range of healthcare settings (Craven, 2009).Current shortfall in workforce and educationalThe number of nurses currently in the workforce based on their educational preparation those with undergraduate education (diploma, associate, baccalaureate degrees) and those with graduate education (masters and doctoral degrees) (Health Resources and run Administration. Much higher number of nurses brisk at the diploma/associate degree level compared to all other categories and the relatively small number of nurses prepared with graduate degrees. The limited number of nurses prepared with graduate degrees presents a significant problem for educating afterlife nurses and furthering effective nursing practice masters-prepared clinicians are needed to pick up and provide primary care, and doctoral stave are needed to teach and conduct research. Without an adequate number of nurses prepared at the gradu ate level, we will be unable to educate enough nurses to meet the needs for care at all levels in the near future. Experts predict we will experience a nurse shortage of anywhere from 340,000 to more than 1 million by 2020 shortages will occur in hospitals, in nursing homes, in home health care, and community health centers (HRSA, 2010).Nurse shortage projections are based on the increase in anticipated demand for health care demands that are projected to increase dramatically due to our aging population and higher numbers of insured patients with access to care as a result of a reformed health care system (Wharton School, 2009). The percentage of the population 65 years or older steadily increases as the baby boomer generation approaches age 65 by 2030, 20% of the population will be above the age of 65, almost doubling the current rate of 12% (Institute of Medicine (IOM, 2008). Simultaneously, the demand for health work will increase as previously uninsured people gain access to health care insurance. Massachusetts, which recently increased the percentage of the insured population to 90%, has experienced significant primary care shortages (Cooney, 2008). As the population ages and health care resources become more strained, the focus and location of care delivery will need to change from acute care provided in hospitals to primary care, which includes disease management, care coordination, and prevention of disease delivered in community settings, in clinics, ambulatory care centers, and in the patients home. In the future, we will need many more advanced practice nurses (nurse practitioners, nurse anesthetists, nurse midwives, and clinical specialists) to assume a great responsibility for the delivery of health care IOM, 2008).Need for Education in nursing, Masters, Baccalaureate, and DoctoralTo design strategies that lead to an adequate nurse workforce, we first need to find how nurses enter the workforce. The nursing profession is unique in its compli cated mix of educational models, which is not only confusing to the public, legislators, nurses, and potential nursing students but also contributes to a lack of professional unity and professional recognition. As a result, nurses are fragmented in their interests and do not have the political carrier bag of other professions when advocating for patients or better working conditions.The recognition of the need for baccalaureate nurse education is not new. In 1920, the Goldmark Report, funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, proposed educating nurses in academic institutions on with other professionals, arguing that this would more adequately prepare nurses to meet the needs of society and improve the status of the nursing profession (Ellis Hartley, 2004). At that time, nurses were being educated in hospital-based diploma schools that continued to be the major provider of nursing education until associate degree programs began in the 1950s. Associate degree nursing education was pro posed as a solution to a severe nursing shortage (Fondiller, 2001). In 2004, the American Organization of Nurse Executives (2004) argued for baccalaureate-level educational preparation for all future nurses. Furthermore, the baccalaureate degree was needed for nurses to function as an equal partner in patient care. Most recently, the Carnegie Foundation physical composition, Educating Nurses A Call for Radical Transformation, called for significant changes in nursing education with the establishment of the baccalaureate degree for entry into professional nursing practice being a necessary first step. The report falls short however in recommending more of the same, by calling for the creation of a more seamless transition from ADN to BSN programs (Benner, Sutphen, Leonard, Day, 2010).A large kernel of empirical evidence exists to support a difference in performance and patient outcomes (Aiken, Clarke, Sloane, Silber, 2003 Estabrooks, Midodzi, Cummings, Ricker, Giovannetti, 2005 Kutney-Lee Aiken, 2008). In 1988, Johnson published a meta-analysis of 139 studies exploring the differences in associate and baccalaureate performance. These studies revealed significant differences between associated degree in nursing (ADN) and bachelor of science in nursing (BSN) nurses, with baccalaureate-prepared nurses demonstrating greater professional performance in the areas of communications skills, knowledge, problem solving, and professional role. In 2001, Goode and colleagues surveyed 80 chief nursing officers from academic medical centers to determine their perception of differences in nurse performance based on education level. Respondents account that baccalaureate-prepared nurses demonstrate greater communication, coordination, and leadership skills more professional behavior and a greater focus on patient psychosocial care and patient teaching than associate-prepared nurses (Goode et al., 2001).Although estimates vary on the need for more health care providers in the future, there is agreement that a shortage of primary care providers currently exists in campestral and other underserved areas (Kirch Vernon, 2008) and severe future shortages predicted in community health centers (National Association of Community Health Centers, Robert Graham Center, The George Washington University, 2008) and in the countrys more than 6,080 designated primary care shortage areas in the United States (HRSA, 2006).A major contributing factor to the current and future nurse shortage is the lack of nursing faculty forthcoming to educate nurses. The student demand for nursing education is currently at an all-time high, but a faculty shortage has created a severe blockade in nurse education, leaving nursing schools unable to meet the demands for education. An estimated 50,000 qualified applicants were turned away from baccalaureate nursing programs in 2008, primarily due to faculty shortages. Of the 84% of U.S. nursing schools in 2006-2007 attempting to hire new faculty, 79% reported difficultly in recruitment due to a lack of qualified candidates and the in readiness to offer competitive salaries (AACN, 2010). In their 2007 annual survey of colleges of nursing, the National League for Nursing (NLN) reported 1,900 unfilled faculty positions nationwide, an increase of 23% from the previous year in the number of full-time faculty vacancies and a disturbing trend in the shortage cycle (Kaufman, 2007). An estimated 25,100 nurses have doctoral degrees, and their numbers are not increase at the rate needed to meet demand. From 2003 through 2008, the number of nursing PhD graduates increased on average by about 31 new graduates each year. Disappointingly, enrollment in PhD nursing programs increased by only 0.1% or 3 students from the fall of 2007 to the fall of 2008 with the total doctoral student population in 2008 reaching 3,976 (AACN, 2010).Although academic education and professional qualification are but one aspect of clinical competenc e (the others being clinical skills and professionals attitudes), the change of nurse teaching from work-based apprenticeship to academic education and the parallel development of increasingly specialized nursing roles 58,59) contribute to an alteration of what is considered to be necessary qualifications among nursing staff. This may cause additional strain on the substantial proportion of clinically oriented staff who lack formal (nursing) qualifications. We believe the importance of the present study lies in the focus it has on working conditions of sub professionals in acute psychiatry. As we have argued above, there is an increasing and probably worldwide lack of nursing staff in the health services and increased use of health care assistants is reported e.g.30. Although the evidence on a general level suggests that more use of less qualified staff will not be effective in all situations 60, due to what is said above it is increasingly important to recruit, moderate and qualif y also sub professionals, and a condition for this is the quality of their working environments.The important sourses of professional directionNursing Social policy statement (ANA), is an important document it describes the profession of nursing and its professional framework and tasks to society, the second nursing scope and standards of practice is also important has been developed by the (ANA), nursing standards which are authoritative by the profession by the profession wich the quality of practiced, service, or education can be evaluated quality patient care. The third code of ethical motive for nurses with interpretive statements, this code is alist of provisions that makes explicit the primary goals, Values .fourth state boards of nursing one of the important sources of professional direction . A professional nurse is accountable for embracing professional values, maintaining professional values, maintaining competence, and maintenance and improvement of professional practice environments, also nurses is accountable for the outcomes of the nursing care.Increasd knowledge of germs and diseases, and increasd training of doctors, nurses needed to understand basic anatomy, parhophysiology, physiology, and epidemiology to provide better care. To carry out adoctors orders, and must have some degree of understanding of cause and effect of environment .Quality of bursting chargeThe quality of care can be more precisely described as seeking to achieve excellent standards of care. It includes assessing the appropriateness of medical tests and treatments and measures to improve personal health care consistently in all areas of medicine. Nurses professional socialization is recognized as an essential process of learning skills, attitudes and behaviors necessary to fulfill professional roles are also involved in evaluating and modifying the overall quality of care given to groups of clients. One of the essential parts of professional responsibility, nurses and all other health care providers work together as an interdisciplinary team concentrate on improving client care (Kozier, 2008).A divergence between demand and supply that is evidenced in insufficient nurse staffing with significant implications for patient quality is what Nursing profession faces continuously. Many believe this shortage of registered nurses is entrenched in long-standing problems related to the value and image of nursing and the limited role nursing has had in identifying priorities within health care delivery systems (AACN, 2010).Many institute graduates are relegated to functioning at a level barely above a nurse aide. Thus, the already scarce Saudi nurses are disadvantaged and underutilized. Saudi Arabia is increasing its proportion of indigenous nurses who will be able to deliver culturally appropriate high quality care (Aldossary, 2008).The author predicted shortfall of qualified nursing staff in both low and high-income countries. Restructured health care systems and social values has made lack of nursing personnel which concern for health care administrators, politicians and the nursing professions. The shortage in health care workers growing and has become an international challenge (Sorgaard,2010).One of the central professional self regulation is the ability to maintain and control a professional register. To this end self regulating professions, like nursing, have been responsible for controlling their register which is done through the setting of the standards to be achieved before entry is possible . In addition, the professions also have responsibility for the removal of practitioners who are considered unfit to practise (Unsworth, 2010).Outlines how quality of nursing care and good character are fundamental to practise as a nurse or midwife and how the overriding concern relates to safe practise and protective covering of the public. As such, good health is not to be interpreted as the absence of a particular condition or disease bu t rather that the individual is capable of safe and effective practise without supervision. The guidance also defines good character as relating to the persons conduct, behavior and attitude, as well as any convictions or cautions that are not considered compatible with professional registration and that might bring the profession into disrepute. (CHRE (2009) have recently reviewed the quality of care requirements of the all of the health profession regulators and they have recommended that the term good in relation quality of care should be amended within the legislation to ensure that this is not used by other bodies as a bar to entry into the professions. CHRE reaffirm the view held by the regulators that considerations about health are restricted to whether the individuals health, with any necessary reasonable adjustments, would impair their fitness to practise. The notion of good character is based upon the requirement under the Code of Professional Conduct (NMC, 2008c) for nur ses and midwives to be honest and trustworthy. For an individual to satisfy the good quality of nursing care character requirements, they must be capable of safe and effective practise without supervision. This is, therefore, the threshold set by the regulator for any action which may be taken against an individual student in terms of their conduct. If the students attitude, behavior, conduct (including convictions) or quality of care calls into question their ability to satisfy the requirements of the quality of care and good character then action may be required to investigate the allegations and to make a finding about whether the nurses would be capable of safe and effective practise without supervision at some future point. The notion of good character has also been diffuse to criticism not least because of difficulties in defining how a good character is measured (Sellman, 2007) and because the concept of being of good character is not on the table to potential registrants from within the European Union (CHRE, 2008a,b). The Nursing and Midwifery Council ( NMC) have produced a definition of impaired fitness to practise which relates to the suitability of the individual to persevere on the professional register without restriction, if at all (NMC, 2004).Aim / ObjectiveTo show the impact of professional nurses and nursing education that affect the quality of care for the patients.IV. MethodLiterature review is considered a baseline tool that precedes the actual qualitative or quantitative research. In order to have a research, the detective needs to read the related articles that have researched the topic.Data base researchInclusive criteria nursing articles, articles published after 2000, English language studies, primary sources expulsion criteria articles published before 2000, secondary sourcesPubmedMesh termsProfessional, and Non-Professional Nurses, Occupation, Profession, Quality of CareNumber of hitsThe first hits 43. 17 abbreviations were rea d and 17 articles were chosen.The second hits 273. 23 abstract were read and 26 articles were chosen.Total search publication articles were chosen and read completely is (43) that will be used by the author in publications review.19 of the chosen articles the authors will use in the results.V. Research EthicsThe authors should consider the research ethics in all processes and follow the Codes and Policies of research ethics including frankness in all scientific communications, report data, results, methods, procedures, and also the publication status. Competency, to maintain and improve our own professional competence through lifelong education and learning. Objectivity, set off personal interests that may affect research. Respect for intellectual property, no plagiarism done by the authors (Resnik, 2010).The authors foundation from the article was clear and the researchers displayed respect for human dignity. The author did the job for searching by honest and professional way, w ithout hidden or disappear any good or truth result (Polit Beck, 2008).VI. RelevanceThe author conveyed the information through this research to increase awareness for the staff nurses about knowing the impact of professional nurses and the levels of nursing education in the quality of care for the patients. Level of nursing education acquired by a nurse has significant implications for patients quality of care and safety.

A brief history of Fidel Castro

A brief history of Fidel CastroThis paper will discuss a brief history of Fidel Castro, his attractionship styles, characteristics, and the determinants that occurred during his deck up to prominence. It provides his sources of male monarch, and further examines his effectiveness or non effectiveness as a attractor. Research on Fidel Castro and his loss leadership was conducted through online sources which include three academic.ImportanceWhat relationship could be found amidst the Fidel Castro, the followers, and the situation? What were his perceived positive and negative qualities? What outstanding traits could be detected within Fidel Castro?About Fidel CastroFidel Alejandro (Ruz) Castro was born in Biran Cuba on luxurious 13th 1926 to Angel Castro and Lina Ruz in the Eastern Province of Cuba. Fidel was the third child of his siblings by father, Angel Castro. Although he was born out of wedlock, he was privileged to upper-middle elucidate living environments. He was educa ted in a private boarding school, attended college and later went on to Harvard Law School. At Harvard, he became engrossed in the political climate in Cuba especially as it relates to the nationalism, anti-imperialism and companionableism. (Castros Biography, 2010)Castro was married to Mirta Diaz Balart. They had one son whose name was Fidelito which meant little Fidel. Her family was wealthy and Fidel Castro capitalized on this opportunity and as a result was exposed to a much wealthier lifestyle and at the same measure, was able to network with key political associations. The marriage ended after sixer years because of a lack of financial donjon for his family. Mirta was his second wife. (Castros Biography, 2010)Castros enthusiasm for reform and social justice led him to the Dominican Republic in an strive to help overthrow Mr. Rafael Trujillo. Although this attempt was not successful, this did not deter him from the fight for social justice. He was set forth of an anti co mmunistic party that was formed with the lead of exposing government corruption, developing strategies to gain economic independence and implement social reform in Cuba.Although his attempts to overthrow the leader at the time, General Fulgencio Bartista failed, he never gave up. He was sentenced to jail for those attempted coups but continued the fight to become Cubas leader, in an effort to exhaust got the transmits he was hoping to fulfill. This long struggle was finally agnize on January 1st, 1959 when he assumed the leadership of the government. He appointed his brother, Raul Castro the duties of commander of the armed forces on February 15th 1959.Leader type and historyCharismatic leaders ar exceptionally self-confident, argon strongly motivated to attain and assert influence, and have strong conviction in the moral correctness of their beliefs (House Aditya, p. 416). Fidel Castro is a magnetized and transformational leader. Nahavandi states that transformational lead ership includes three factors, of the three we identified these to define Castro charisma and intellectually simulated that in itself helped Castro achieve the drastic change he sort for Cuba. That is the social and political reform he aimed to achieve as a leader.Were there any cultural characteristics that helped him in leadership? Would he be an effective leader elsewhere?The untaughts culture played an important role in the behavior of Fidel Castro. His personality and character evolved as he joined groups and eventually they developed their stimulate culture. Cultural characteristics affect who we consider an effective leader.In Trompenaars study of cross cultural organizational culture, Castro fits in the family category which states that they are power oriented, caring leader he contendd deeply for the poor so much that he took forceful from the rich to give to the poor of his beloved Cuba. He also was focused on building relationships but these relationships should not b e overweighed by the outside source. We saw he formed partnership with a number of counterparts such Che Guevara of Mexico, the Soviet Union, Grenada and Africa. (Castros Biography, 2010 and Navandi 2009)Does he reflect any of the renewings of earlyish theories of leadership?Castro demonstrated leadership traits very early in his childhood. Trait theory suggests that leaders are born not made. His qualities as a leader further reiterated this point. Castro had a natural ability to influence his followers. He down the stairsstood the people of Cuba especially the poor. This had a positive extend to on the people of Cuba especially knowing that he was not born into a poor family and was therefore for the poor.As state in the text misadventure Era theory leadership view is that personality style, behavior of effective leaders depends on the situation in which there are placed (Nahavandi 2009).This was clear when Castro took the opportunity to be a liberator to the people in the time when they were very dissatisfied with the leadership style of the Bartista government. He saw an opportunity to gain self-assurance and followers, and as the person he was took full advantage of the situation. His approach was successful. hence the reason for the massive followers. (Castros Biography, 2010)Castro, because of his characteristics was deemed to become a leader, regardless of the context. Research shows that Castro demonstrated an A2 purpose style in the normative finis making model. Nahavandi states that A2 leaders seek specific teaching however they make the decisions alone.What are the traits and characteristics that make him a leader?As with all leaders he had both positive and negative qualities. In researching, it was noted that the positive qualities at his early stage as Cuban leader outweighed the negatives. His motivation helped the lower class Cubans raise their level of self esteem. He was able to manage the country well, despite the restrictions p laced from outside sources that is to say the United States. As a result, he remained true to his beliefs and values. Most of all he was a challenger he inspired his followers, took on great responsibilities and showed braveness in the baptismal font of danger. In an effort to accomplish his goals and objectives, he took the lead in all the coups that were attempted. He never left his followers to enter the battles of struggle alone.On the other hand, he was a stubborn leader who led with an iron fist. At times, he was believed to be over confident and it was mainly because of his gentilityal background and experience. (Nahavandi 2009)He was an authoritarian leader and as such he was not willing to accept change. This was evident during the early part of his leadership. He was indeed coercive he displayed this behavior when his subordinates were punished for not following his orders.In our research, we identified Castro as a type A leader and the Nahavandi states that the char acteristics and behavior that go along these types of leaders are their need to be in control. Throughout the entire research there were reports that stated Fidel Castros need to gain control of Cuba and to be its leader. His inference of poor delegation, exchangeable to work alone and heavy working are all characteristics which he possess and are characteristics of Type A leaders. (Nahavandi 2009)Mr. Castro is relatively median(a) Machiavellian because of his effectiveness as a leader and has had a history of easily manipulating his followers in an effort to achieving his goals and objectives that was to change Cubas political climate, taking care of the needs of the poor and win support through his message and passion for his people. Careful analysis shows that based on the Myer Briggs Type indicator where he was a little of all the categories. For example, as the sensation thinker he would establish rules and regulations, jump to action too quickly at times and push others t o modernize to the point. The others are not suited to his character. As a sensational feeler, the most applicable is the reluctance to accept change. In the intuitive thinker and feeler categories, these are the two that would apply to Fidel Castro, architect of progress and ideas and good communicator. (Nahavandi 2009)Leadership Style of Fidel CastroBased on our research, Fidel Castro has displayed leadership styles of being both a charismatic and transformational leader. He was more a dictator-charismatic leader. He was able to gather his followers through his charisma as opposed to gathering them through his external power of authority. Fidel was invariably concerned about the well-being of his people, especially the less fortunate ones. Thus he took away wealth and property from the more fortunate Cubans and distributed to the less fortunate. He had a vision for the people of Cuba and thus was able to use his vision through the people to expand his power.One of his visions wa s to ensure that the less fortunate had their inborn needs. In addition, he promised the people of Cuba apologise education in which he delivered. By doing this he believed that he was being very sensitive to the needs of his people. Although Fidel was a charismatic leader, he frequently displayed a dictatorship leadership style. The people of Cuba were not allowed freedom of speech. Under his ruling the people of Cuba were not allowed to leave Cuba for a vacation elsewhere. People who did not support his party were reprimanded and not assumption equal opportunities. Some people of Cuba were even afraid to utter the name, Fidel Castro. Instead they would make a beard pulling sign in order to make someone know they were referring to him. Cubans were also denied access to certain beaches and hotels. This had caused insults to the people of Cuba. (Halliday, 2008).Another particle of leadership style displayed by Fidel Castro, was his ability to be a transformational leader in that he had the ability to influence his followers ethics, values and stock(a)s. He also showed deep emotions towards his followers. He would also articulate the problems within the system and would endeavor to solve those problems. He also empowered his followers by use of his aver strengths and belief. (Marques, 2010)Leadership perspectives of non-profitsLeaders of non-profit organizations are associated with having a social mission which include saving the environment, feeding the home and housing the homeless. These leaders also reflect and support ideological goals. Leaders of non-profit organizations also enjoy his/her work and hence they are motivated to perform in the best interest of the organization.Fidel Castro displayed leadership traits very early in his childhood days by showing his determination and self- confidence. This came about during his early childhood days when his friends belonging to the upper class in guild did not include him in their some social activities . (Marques, 2010).His leadership reflected the viewpoint from non-profits. Cuba has been a communist country from since 1950, when Fidel Castro took over the government in a rebellion. The concept of communism deals with equality for all and the distribution of wealth. Fidel believed in the equality and he saw the need to meet the needs of those who were less fortunate and those who needed to have the basic needs for survival. Hence the reason why Fidel implemented free health care systems for all Cubans and foreigners. Today, Cuba is known for performing many major surgeries. Children are given free education in primary and secondary level. There is one teacher to every ten Cuban students. Free tertiary education is also given. In monetary value of infrastructure, the roads in Cuba are adequate, although there are inadequate public transport systems in place. (The branch Post, 2010).Communism and socialist economy go hand in hand. Cuba is also termed as a socialist country. Under the socialist campaign, the Cuban government owns the state and all its industries. The socialist movement allows Cubans to have free access to goods and services. The special needs of the oppressed are addressed under this system. In 1959, Fidel saw the need to socialize the economy because of the economic and political strong induce the United States of America had on Cuba. Fidel believed that the Cuba needed to trade in order to live and under the socialist system this was possible. By doing so, the standard of living was raised by the people of Cuba. The sectors in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, technically and highly educated workforce, had set apart Cuba from the rest of the third world countries. These positives all occurred under the leadership of Fidel Castro. (Durand, 2003).The absence of participative management styleFidel Castro was known for his supreme leadership style and therefore did not allow for participative management styles. He was very authoritative and he dictated all the policies and procedures. He directed and controlled all activities without the inclusion of his members of the government or the people of Cuba on a whole. The people of Cuba were not free to leave the country as they pleased. For example, going on a vacation to another country was not allowed. Cubans can travel only if the government authorizes them to do so.He did not include his ministers in his decision making process. He would make the decisions and then advise them. They were not allowed to dispute his decisions. Fidel did not share information with his colleagues. Therefore it was difficult for his Ministers to exhibit their skills and talents. His ministers were not allowed to determine work schedules for the development of Cuba, neither were they given enough opportunities to make decisions regarding the budget for the country. Fidel and his brother Raul made many of those decisions. This resulted in his ministers and followers were not motivated and they felt that they were not given the opportunity to be part of many of the decisions he made. Because of his leadership style, creativity and innovation were two crucial elements his ministers were lacking. The only time Fidel delegated his powers, was when he got sick and was unable to rule Cuba any longer. He delegated his power to his younger brother, Raul Castro. Raul was given the leadership by Fidel Castro. The people of Cuba were not given the opportunity to vote for a leader. In this instance we can conclude that nepotism was a factor in his decision making. (The First post, 2010).Participative management is very important in organizations because leaders and managers should seek to make the most of its followers. Their followers should be given the opportunity be part of the decision making process. By doing so, new ideas can be developed and implemented for the betterment of the organization. (Author unknown, 2010).Leader of change?Fidel Castro could not be considered a leade r of change because he believed that his way is the obligation way and he believed in the communism concept. He wanted power over the entire Cuban nation and did not want any intrusion from the outside forces, especially the United States of America. He believed in what he stood for and was very rigid in his decision making process. His oppressive and dictatorship styles were strong indicators that Fidel did not want change in his way of thinking and his decision making process.Yes he wanted change in terms on wealth and property being evenly distributed throughout the country. When Fidel came into power, rent was cut by fifty percent (50%) for people who received low wages. He nationalized the telephone companies and the rates were cut in order that civilians were able to pay their utility bill. Casinos and nightclubs were closed down by Fidel because he saw those two institutions as corruption for the country. A high percentage of the Cuban population was illiterate. Many person s in rural areas could not read or write. Since Fidel took office, free education was given to all the people of Cuba. In terms of the health systems, new training schools were built for doctors. Infant mortality rate fell when he came into power. However, he did not want change in terms of another political party ruling Cuba. Fidel was of the opinion that his leadership style was best suited for the people of Cuba. He wanted change in terms of corruption. (Simkin, 2010).Fidel was adamant about remaining in power without any interference from outside sources and he strongly believed that his country should be ruled the way in which he ruled. Because of his strong will and influence on many of his followers, he did not want to be outside from power, because he believed that he was the best linguistic rule for Cuba. Therefore, he did not want any changes to come about regarding his ruling or leadership style. He refused to hold free elections for the people of Cuba because he did no t want change. (Simkin, 2010)How did Fidel Castro develop Raul to be a leaderFidel Castro relinquished his power in February 2008, to his brother Raul Castro and as stated earlier in this paper, the people of Cuba were not given an opportunity to vote. His brother Raul was placed in his position. Many of the people of Cuba believe that Raul has many character traits as his brother Fidel, hence the reason why Fidel handed over power to him. It is believed that Fidel and Raul have a very close relationship and that Raul will follow in his footsteps.During Fidels rule, Raul was the other person he would consult with whenever he would need to make a decision. Raul, like his brother Fidel is concerned about the distribution of food to individuals who face constant problems with shortages. This was also one of the factors that Fidel fought for his people. Raul under Fidels leadership believed in the same. Raul believed in the same ideologies as his brother Fidel. He also believed that Cub a should remain a communist state, because communism would allow for the people of Cuba to have equal rights. While Raul may aim to make minor changes in Cuba, one of the factors that would remain is the animosity between Cuba and the Unites States of America. It can be concluded that Raul being trained as leader under Fidel, this issue may take a very long time to resolve, it if will be resolved at all. While Fidel was in power, his brother Raul was laying the ground work for the rebuilding of Cubas economy. Fidel was able to suggest ideas to his brother Raul to be successful in this venture. (Roig-Franzia, 2008).ConclusionFidel Castro used his strategic insight to work his way into ruling Cuba, when people were dissatisfied with the ruling of Batista. Today Fidel is still not liked by many Cubans because the people do not live in a democratic society. They are not free to live the lives like many other civilians in other parts of the world. Because of his resilience he did not all ow the viewpoints of others which is one of the main reasons many Cubans fled the country. His overconfidence revealed superiority in knowledge and his stubborn practices caused him to rule with an iron fist.The paper also outlined how effective he was as a leader in terms of acquiring his followers to comply with his decisions and the cultural characteristics were also looked at, and how it helped him in his leadership style. The concepts of early theories were also outlined and in addition the sources of power and how he used his power to influence his followers.Fidel showed the transformational leader he was in terms of influencing his followers and paying attention to their ethics, long term goals and standard. Despite his autocratic ruling, he was a hard worker and he demonstrated it. He also demonstrated courage in that he took risks and knowing that his way may fail. Whenever he failed, he got right back up and tried again. In terms of communication, Fidel did little communic ation with his subordinates. He made his decisions and executed them whether or not his followers were pleased with them. He was determined, and had the willpower to rule Cuba and thus he fought the outsiders who tried to take over from his ruling. He was never discouraged by setbacks. He saw setbacks as part of the learning process.Fidel had both positive and negative traits as a leader. This was exemplified by his way of ruling Cuba. He is a well known politician, and will be remembered by the people of Cuba and the world on a whole. He will be remembered for his autocratic and dictatorship leadership styles.He will also be remembered for helping the less fortunate people of Cuba. He was an active member of the guerilla movement. This was a stepping stone to becoming political leader of his party and ruler of Cuba. Today, many believe that his brother Raul will rule Cuba the same way his brother did. Since Raul took over in 2008, there have not been many changes in the leadership style. Raul has inherited his brothers leadership qualities. (Marques, 2010)

Age of Innocence :: essays papers

Age of Innocence Chapter One Summary The play opens at the opera. Newland Archer enters his opera box and looks out across the line of business to see his girlfriend, May Welland, touch the lilies he had given her. While dreaming of their future together, his thoughts ar interrupted by gasps from the gentlemen sitting with him. They are utter about a fashionably dressed woman who has just sat down in the box with May. Sillerton Jackson gasps, I did not think they would strike tried it on, which means, he cant believe the Mingotts would allow the woman to come and sit in their box at the Opera. Analysis This is a retain about the conventions of Old New York, New York City in the 1870s. Wharton loves contrasting the old against the new. She begins these contrasts in the very first paragraph. Here she describes the new Opera theater that is going to be erected in the remote forties. We can assume that the forties have been built up since then and people reading her book i n the 1920s (when it was published) would enjoy hearing about how New York has changed. Along these lines, there is also a description of the old people versus the new people, whom NY was beginning to apprehension and yet be drawn to. Also important in this first chapter is Whartons discussion of fashionability and propriety. We can tell from the way that Newland Archer, Lawrence Lefferts and Mr. Silverton Jackson are introduced (all are so concerned with what is moral and the thing) that Wharton will spend a lot of time in the unfermented discussing and perhaps critiquing these concepts in the book. Of note, as well, is the grand attention to detail that Wharton has. The way she describes clothing and interior decoration with much detail has led many to dub this book a costume novel. We will have to see for ourselves if the book develops beyond being a bodice ripper sort of book. May Welland will be one of the most important characters in the book. She is holding L illies of the Valley. In the 1870s the lily of the valley was the flower of chastity and of the names Cynthia and Diana. Later in the book, May is often compared to Diana, the Greek goddess of the hunt.